Unlike research into the security problems of recent tech innovations in cars, this hack involves an older piece of technology: the remote key fob.

Three hundred bucks for a new car key? When you lose your keys or want to have an extra made for that new teen driver, don’t let the stealership lighten your wallet. The video below is a whirlwind tour of the process [speedkar9] uses to reprogram Toyota ECUs to allow new keys to pass the security test on your new(er) car. Since the early 2000s or so, most manufacturers have included RFID chips in their keys so that only known keys will start a car.

In Toyotas, this is done by an RFID reader in the steering column that passes the inserted key’s code to the engine control unit. If the 8-byte key code matches one of three values stored in the ECU, the car will start. Clearing the EEPROM in the ECU is the focus of [speedkar9]’s process, which connecting to the EEPROM and reading the contents. His rig includes an RS-232 serial connection, so the hardest part of this hack might be rounding up a PC with a DB-9 jack, but once you’ve got that covered, it’s just a little bit-bashing to “virginize” the ECU to ready it for reprogramming. The details of the procedure will vary by manufacturer, of course, and cars of a more recent vintage will likely have even more security to worry about. Might you even run afoul of DRM like you would by Perhaps.

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But $300 is $300. Thanks for [darkspr1te] for the heads up on this one. Posted in Post navigation.

I’m not seeing any boards pulled here. “This clear vulnerability in [wireless] keys facilitates the work of thieves immensely,” reads a post in German about the researchers’ findings on the ADAC website. “The radio connection between keys and car can easily be extended over several hundred meters, regardless of whether the original key is, for example, at home or in the pocket of the owner.” That car key hack is far from new: Swiss researchers published a paper detailing a similar amplification attack as early as 2011. But the ADAC researchers say they can perform the attack far more cheaply than those predecessors, spending just $225 on their attack device compared with the multi-thousand-dollar software-defined radios used in the Swiss researchers’ study. They’ve also tested a larger array of vehicles and, unlike the earlier study, released the specific makes and models of which vehicles were susceptible to the attack; they believe that hundreds of thousands of vehicles in driveways and parking lots today remain open to the wireless theft method.

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The Vulnerable Makes and Models Here’s the full list of vulnerable vehicles from their findings, which focused on European models: the Audi A3, A4 and A6, BMW’s 730d, Citroen’s DS4 CrossBack, Ford’s Galaxy and Eco-Sport, Honda’s HR-V, Hyundai’s Santa Fe CRDi, KIA’s Optima, Lexus’s RX 450h, Mazda’s CX-5, MINI’s Clubman, Mitsubishi’s Outlander, Nissan’s Qashqai and Leaf, Opel’s Ampera, Range Rover’s Evoque, Renault’s Traffic, Ssangyong’s Tivoli XDi, Subaru’s Levorg, Toyota’s RAV4, and Volkswagen’s Golf GTD and Touran 5T. Only the BMW i3 resisted the researchers’ attack, though they were still able to start its ignition. And the researchers posit—but admit they didn’t prove—that the same technique likely would work on other vehicles, including those more common in the United States, with some simple changes to the frequency of the equipment’s radio communications. My 2012 Kia came with an integrated remote-control-frob / popout key arrangement.

After both of them had the keys break off near the (fairly weak) hinge joint, I grudgingly took it in to the hardware store, which had a new ChipKey machine that makes keys for $75 instead of the $200-300 the dealer charges. Turns out the Kia isn’t a chip-key. It’s just a mechanical key, no RFIDs, and integrating it with the radio frob is just to have a nice package that fits neatly in your pocket and annoy you if you want to go surfing (because the radio frob doesn’t like salt water) or keep a spare key somewhere. So a bunch of $2 metal keys later, I’ve now got spares, and the radio frob is still on my keyring for remote control use, without worrying about carrying it around if I’m going to be in some non-electronics-friendly environment. This defiantly not for anyone or any vehicle, the earlier cars used a simple mechanism like this to lock you out.